Dr. Javier de Andres discusses lumbar sympathetic and hypogastric plexus blocks. In this talk, he focuses on anatomy of the autonomic nervous system. It is due to its anatomy that it can be a target of sympathetic blocks. Dr. de Andres goes over lumbar sympathetic block and hypogastric block rationales, functional anatomy, indications, contraindications, materials, techniques, and complications. He starts and ends his talk with a brief discussion on football.

Dr. Ana Carolina Braz Lima discusses techniques used for different cervical blocks, such as medial branch blocks. Dr. Braz Lima describes how understanding anatomy can assist with cervical blocks. Then, Dr. Stanley Lam describes testing procedures for CIPS during a technical difficulty. When Dr. Braz Lima returns, she continues her discourse of nervous system anatomy. Knowing where arteries are is important. X-Rays can also be helpful. She also says you need to be familiar with a procedure’s complications

Dr. Dominic Hegarty discusses intralaminar epidurals targeting the cervical spine. He discusses indications, anatomy, complications, and risk management of intralaminar epidurals in the cervical spine. Risk assessment is also very important. Steroids can also help. Dr. Hegarty also talks about evidence based clinical solutions. The research in this area is promising.

Dr. Vikram Patel discusses ways to optimize radiation protection. Protecting patients, doctors, and staff from radiation is incredibly important. There are many hazards of radiation to the human body. However, there is a need for radiation in pain work, so how can radiation be minimized? Positioning and protection are key. Reducing time of exposure or reducing output can help. It is also to check exposure levels over time, as radiation accumulates. These ideas and more are described.