Richard Rosenthal, MD, discusses allogenic cell therapy. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved the injection of live cells in patients due to concerns about transmission or disease and uncontrolled cell growth. Instead, acellular methods such as injecting amniotic fluid or exosomes produced by mesenchymal stem cells can be used. These fluids come from donors and contain growth factors and matrix-building proteins that have regenerative effects.

Dr. Ram Pasupuleti gives a very detailed overview on complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), including symptoms, etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Given the complexity of this syndrome, he explains why it is often misdiagnosed and underdiagnosed. He explains the differences between the two types, i.e., CRPS I and CRPS II. Dr. Pasupuleti also discusses the variety of topical and oral medications he uses to treat the inflammation and pain. Procedures are also discussed, as he recommends sympathetic blocks, peripheral nerve blocks, and spinal cord stimulation.

Douglass Beall, MD, discusses managing discogenic back pain without surgery. Traditionally, patients can use physical therapy and chiropractic interventions to help manage back pain. Surgery can be used to help manage it as well; however, it is expensive and only 50% of patients improve after surgical procedures. Non-invasive methods for managing back pain include nerve ablation, and injections with stem cells, hydrogels, or amino acid peptides. The average procedure time for these non-invasive methods is 5.5 minutes, and studies show that there is significant improvement in pain, function, and quality of life.

Dr. Ira Fox talks about the importance of understanding the relationship between proper technique and an accurate diagnosis. He explains why he spends an hour with his patients during the initial consultation to obtain the correct diagnosis, including a differential diagnose.