Sang Chul Lee, MD, PhD, FIPP – Professor Emeritus

Dr. Sang Chul Lee presents the extraforaminotomy procedure for spinal pain management. He discusses the pathophysiology of sciatica due to foraminal stenosis, the classification of foraminal ligaments involved, and the grading system for lumbar spinal stenosis. Dr. Chul Lee also describes several degenerative factors for foraminal stenosis. He then provides an in-depth description of common treatment modalities for foraminal and central stenosis. Dr. Chul Lee further explains why foraminoplasty is needed during extraforaminotomy and describes several case presentations. The combination of adhesiolysis with epidural catheter and percutaneous extraforaminotomy is a trending treatment for disc diseases.