Dr. Dominic Hegarty discusses intralaminar epidurals targeting the cervical spine. He discusses indications, anatomy, complications, and risk management of intralaminar epidurals in the cervical spine. Risk assessment is also very important. Steroids can also help. Dr. Hegarty also talks about evidence based clinical solutions. The research in this area is promising.

Dr. Juan Carlos Flores discusses two percutaneous techniques for blockade of the celiac plexus and splanchnic nerves. There are several interventional pain procedure indications here for both, as well as contraindications. There are many celiac plexus and splanchnic nerve procedures and approaches. Research in this area is also discussed. Dr. Flores takes questions at the end.

Dr. Bernhard Moriggl discusses anatomy of the nerves in the lower extremities. Understanding anatomy, diagnosis, and procedures of peripheral nerves of the lower extremities is very important in pain management. Dr. Moriggi says to always trace nerves to be sure where they are (are they entrapped?) and where they come from. Landmarks may sometimes be missing, so be careful. Do what makes sense, says Dr Miriggi.

Dr. Lorand Eross discussions invasive neuromodulation in craniofacial pain syndromes. First, he runs through the techniques commonly used for craniofacial pain syndromes. What can be done when patients have conditions such as trigeminal neuropathic pain and chronic cluster headaches? Neuromodulation (such as with occipital nerve stimulation) may prove to be one effective option. Research in this area is promising, even at long term follow ups.